Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are a chemically defined group of reactive molecules
derived from molecular oxygen. ROS are involved in a plethora of processes in cells in all …

Aging is the greatest risk factor for a multitude of diseases including cardiovascular disease,
neurodegeneration and cancer. Despite decades of research dedicated to understanding …

Mitochondria are known to generate approximately 90% of cellular reactive oxygen species
(ROS). The imbalance between mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production …

Aging is a complex process that features a functional decline in many organelles. Although
mitochondrial dysfunction is suggested as one of the determining factors of aging, the role of …

Oxidative stress-induced damage to the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is considered to
be a key factor in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) pathology. RPE cells are …

Taurine is a naturally occurring sulfur-containing amino acid that is found abundantly in
excitatory tissues, such as the heart, brain, retina and skeletal muscles. Taurine was first …

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease characterized by
memory loss and multiple cognitive impairments. Several decades of intense research have …

It has long been recognized that an increase of reactive oxygen species (ROS) can modify
the cell‐signaling proteins and have functional consequences, which successively mediate …

In this review article we examine the role of glutathione reductase in the regulation,
modulation and maintenance of cellular redox homoeostasis. Glutathione reductase is …

Mitochondria are best known for harboring pathways involved in ATP synthesis through the
tricarboxylic acid cycle and oxidative phosphorylation. Major advances in understanding …