Asthma is a complex disease that often starts in childhood. Genomic and environmental
factors as well as aberrant immune maturation early in life can contribute to the onset of …

In this review it is attempted to summarize current studies about formation of eicosanoids
and other oxylipins in different human macrophages. There are several reports on M1 and …

Background Infectious agents can reprogram or “train” macrophages and their progenitors to
respond more readily to subsequent insults. However, whether such an inflammatory …

Type 2 inflammation is associated with epithelial cell responses, including goblet cell
hyperplasia, that promote worm expulsion during intestinal helminth infection. How these …

Immunological memory of innate immune cells, also termed “trained immunity”, allows for
cross-protection against distinct pathogens, but may also drive chronic inflammation. Recent …

Macrophages are innate immune cells with essential roles in host defense, inflammation,
immune regulation and repair. During infection with multicellular helminth parasites …

Helminths stage a powerful infection that allows the parasite to damage host tissue through
migration and feeding while simultaneously evading the host immune system. This feat is …

Parasitic worms (helminths) developed various immunoregulatory mechanisms to
counteract the immune system of their host. The increasing identification and …

Abstract Background Several microRNAs (miRs) have been described as potential
biomarkers in liquid biopsies and in the context of allergic asthma, while therapeutic effects …

The immune response to antigens is a key aspect of immunology, as it provides
opportunities for therapeutic intervention. However, the induction of immunological tolerance …