Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) exhibit an elevated cardiovascular risk
manifesting as coronary artery disease, heart failure, arrhythmias, and sudden cardiac …

Patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESRD) have
significant cardiovascular morbidity and mortality that is in part due to the development of …

Cardiovascular calcification is both a risk factor and contributor to morbidity and mortality.
Patients with chronic kidney disease (and/or diabetes) exhibit accelerated calcification of the …

BACKGROUND Vascular calcification, a regulated process in chronic kidney disease (CKD),
requires vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) differentiation into osteoblast-like cells. This …

Medial vascular calcification is a common complication of chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Although elevated inorganic phosphate stimulates vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) …

Background Arteriosclerosis is a pathological, structural (media vascular calcification) and
physiological (modified vascular smooth vessel cells; increased arterial stiffness) alteration …

Asymptomatic hyperuricaemia (HU) is considered a pathogenic factor in multiple disease
contexts, but a causative role is only proven for the crystalline form of uric acid in gouty …

Vascular calcification (VC) is a life-threatening state in chronic kidney disease (CKD). High
cardiovascular mortality and morbidity of CKD cases may root from medial VC promoted by …

Abstract Purpose of Review Cardiovascular diseases are the leading cause of mortality
globally. Identifying patients at risk is important to initiate preventive strategies. Over the last …

Deficiency in α-Klotho is involved in the pathogenesis of vascular calcification. Since
intermedin (IMD) 1–53 (a calcitonin/calcitonin gene-related peptide) protects against …