Heavy metals and metalloids (HMs) are environmental pollutants, most notably cadmium,
lead, arsenic, mercury, and chromium. When HMs accumulate to toxic levels in agricultural …

Heavy metal (HM) toxicity has become a global concern in recent years and is imposing a
severe threat to the environment and human health. In the case of plants, a higher …

Heavy metal/metalloids (HMs) are among the primary soil pollutants that limit crop
production worldwide. Plants grown in HM contaminated soils exhibit reduced growth and …

With the increase in world population, the demography of humans is estimated to be
exceeded and it has become a major challenge to provide an adequate amount of food …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation is a usual phenomenon in a plant both under a
normal and stressed condition. However, under unfavorable or adverse conditions, ROS …

Photosynthesis sustains plant life on earth and is indispensable for plant growth and
development. Factors such as unfavorable environmental conditions, stress regulatory …

Reactive oxygen species (ROS) originate as a natural byproduct in standard metabolism of
oxygen activities. The principal sites of ROS generation in the cell are apoplast …

Soil contamination with toxic metals is a widespread environmental issue resulting from
global industrialization within the past few years. Therefore, decontamination of heavy metal …

The demand for agricultural crops continues to escalate with the rapid growth of the
population. However, extreme climates, pests and diseases, and environmental pollution …

Soil contamination with potentially toxic elements (PTEs) is an increasing environmental
problem, posing serious threats to the living organisms. Phytoremediation is a sustainable …