Abstract The Biomarkers of Nutrition for Development (BOND) project is designed to provide
evidence-based advice to anyone with an interest in the role of nutrition in health …

Hyperhomocysteinemia/Homocysteinuria is characterized by an increased level of toxic
homocysteine in the plasma. The plasma concentration of homocysteine is 5–15 μmol/L in …

Neurological diseases are frequently associated with swallowing disorders and malnutrition.
Moreover, patients with neurological diseases are at increased risk of micronutrient …

Vitamin B12 is essential for DNA synthesis and for cellular energy production. This review
aims to outline the metabolism of vitamin B12, and to evaluate the causes and …

Stroke represents the most frequent cause of permanent disability in adults worldwide.
Cerebral ischemia triggers the pathological pathways of the ischemic cascade and causes …

Besides the genetic, biochemical and neuropathological analogies between Down's
syndrome (DS) and Alzheimer's disease (AD), there is ample evidence of the involvement of …

Background Delirium tremens (DT) is the severest form of alcohol withdrawal syndrome,
frequently after alcohol withdrawal seizures. Delirium tremens occurs in a small proportion of …

Chronic use of antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) can induce the development of adverse effects on
bone metabolism. In epileptic patients treated with AED, the monitoring of biochemical …

Stroke is an acute condition characterized by a sudden decrease in blood flow to brain
tissue, resulting in immediate deprivation of both glucose and oxygen. Different mechanisms …

Chronic venous ulceration (CVU) is the major cause of chronic wounds of lower extremities,
and is a part of the complex of chronic venous disease. Previous studies have hypothesised …