Botulinum neurotoxins: biology, pharmacology, and toxicology

M Pirazzini, O Rossetto, R Eleopra, C Montecucco… - Pharmacological …, 2017 - Elsevier
The study of botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) is rapidly progressing in many aspects. Novel
BoNTs are being discovered owing to next generation sequencing, but their biologic and …

Botulinum neurotoxins: genetic, structural and mechanistic insights

O Rossetto, M Pirazzini, C Montecucco - Nature Reviews Microbiology, 2014 - nature.com
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) are produced by anaerobic bacteria of the genus
Clostridium and cause a persistent paralysis of peripheral nerve terminals, which is known …

Structural and molecular modelling studies reveal a new mechanism of action of chloroquine and hydroxychloroquine against SARS-CoV-2 infection

J Fantini, C Di Scala, H Chahinian, N Yahi - International journal of …, 2020 - Elsevier
The recent emergence of the novel pathogenic SARS-coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is
responsible for a worldwide pandemic. Given the global health emergency, drug …

Botulinum and tetanus neurotoxins

M Dong, G Masuyer, P Stenmark - Annual review of …, 2019 - annualreviews.org
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNTs) and tetanus neurotoxin (TeNT) are the most potent toxins
known and cause botulism and tetanus, respectively. BoNTs are also widely utilized as …

Synergistic antiviral effect of hydroxychloroquine and azithromycin in combination against SARS-CoV-2: What molecular dynamics studies of virus-host interactions …

J Fantini, H Chahinian, N Yahi - International journal of antimicrobial agents, 2020 - Elsevier
The emergence of SARS-coronavirus-2 (SARS-CoV-2) has led to a global pandemic
disease referred to as coronavirus disease 19 (COVID-19). Hydroxychloroquine (CLQ …

Structural basis for botulinum neurotoxin E recognition of synaptic vesicle protein 2

Z Liu, PG Lee, N Krez, K Lam, H Liu… - Nature …, 2023 - nature.com
Abstract Botulinum neurotoxin E (BoNT/E) is one of the major causes of human botulism and
paradoxically also a promising therapeutic agent. Here we determined the co-crystal …

Identification of a novel botulinum neurotoxin gene cluster in Enterococcus

J Brunt, AT Carter, SC Stringer, MW Peck - FEBS letters, 2018 - Wiley Online Library
The deadly neurotoxins of Clostridium botulinum (BoNTs) comprise eight serotypes (A–G;
X). The neurotoxin gene cluster encoding BoNT and its accessory proteins includes an …

The long journey of botulinum neurotoxins into the synapse

A Rummel - Toxicon, 2015 - Elsevier
Botulinum neurotoxins (BoNT) cause the disease botulism, a flaccid paralysis of the muscle.
They are also very effective, widely used medicines applied locally in sub-nanogram …

The structure of the tetanus toxin reveals pH‐mediated domain dynamics

G Masuyer, J Conrad, P Stenmark - EMBO reports, 2017 - embopress.org
The tetanus neurotoxin (Te NT) is a highly potent toxin produced by Clostridium tetani that
inhibits neurotransmission of inhibitory interneurons, causing spastic paralysis in the tetanus …

Ganglioside binding domains in proteins: Physiological and pathological mechanisms

F Azzaz, N Yahi, C Di Scala, H Chahinian… - Advances in protein …, 2022 - Elsevier
Gangliosides are anionic lipids that form condensed membrane clusters (lipid rafts) and
exert major regulatory functions on a wide range of proteins. In this review, we propose a …