Chronic pain is maintained in part by central sensitization, a phenomenon of synaptic
plasticity, and increased neuronal responsiveness in central pain pathways after painful …

There has been an explosion of new findings recently giving us insights into the involvement
of microglia in central nervous system (CNS) disorders. A host of new molecular tools and …

The previous decade has seen a rapid increase in microglial studies on pain, with a unique
focus on microgliosis in the spinal cord after nerve injury and neuropathic pain. Numerous …

Acute nociceptive pain is a key defence system that enables the detection of danger signals
that threaten homeostasis and survival. However, chronic pain (such as the neuropathic …

Acute pain is protective and a cardinal feature of inflammation. Chronic pain after arthritis,
nerve injury, cancer, and chemotherapy is associated with chronic neuroinflammation, a …

Opioids are very potent and efficacious drugs, traditionally used for both acute and chronic
pain conditions. However, the use of opioids is frequently associated with the occurrence of …

Microglia play critical roles in tissue homeostasis and can also modulate neuronal function
and synaptic connectivity. In contrast to astrocytes and oligodendrocytes, which arise from …

Abstract Purpose of Review Our goal is to examine the processes—both central and
peripheral—that underlie the development of peripherally-induced neuropathic pain (pNP) …

Current analgesics predominately modulate pain transduction and transmission in neurons
and have limited success in controlling disease progression. Accumulating evidence …

The neurotrophic factor BDNF is an important regulator for the development of brain circuits,
for synaptic and neuronal network plasticity, as well as for neuroregeneration and …