Background In many developed countries, the workforce is rapidly aging. Occupational
demands however, have not decreased despite the fact that workers see a decline in …

Gender differences in susceptibility to complex disease such as asthma, diabetes, lupus,
autism and major depression, among numerous other disorders, represent one of the …

Differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells into osteoblasts is controlled by
extracellular cues. Canonical Wnt signaling is particularly important for maintenance of bone …

Mutations affecting the activity of the Wnt co-receptors LRP5 and LRP6 that cause
alterations in skeletal biology confirmed the involvement of Wnt signaling in bone formation …

Background: Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been implicated in
the genetic regulation of bone mineral density (BMD). However, the clinical impact of these …

Background Osteoporosis mainly occurs in postmenopausal women, which is characterized
by low bone mineral density (BMD) due to unbalanced bone resorption by osteoclasts and …

Context Mutations in the low-density lipoprotein receptor–related protein 5 (LRP5) gene
cause rare syndromes characterized by altered bone mineral density (BMD). More common …

Background Osteoporosis and fracture risk are considered to be under genetic control.
Extensive work is being performed to identify the exact genetic variants that determine this …

Abstract Purpose of Review The small non-coding microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as
important post-transcriptional regulators of various physiological and pathological …

MicroRNAs are small, noncoding single-stranded RNAs that have emerged as important
posttranscriptional regulators of gene expression, with an essential role in vertebrate …