Honey bees feed on floral nectar and pollen that they store in their colonies as honey and
bee bread. Social division of labor enables the collection of stores of food that are consumed …

Honey bee colonies, foraging predominantly on a single pollen source, may encounter
nutritional deficits. In the present study, we examined the nutritional resilience of honey bee …

Colony losses, including those induced by the colony collapse disorder, are an urgent
problem of contemporary apiculture which has been capturing the attention of both …

According to the classic definition of aging we share, it is a combination of changes in an
organism leading to an increase in the probability of its death (rate of mortality). 1–4 It should …

Animals have evolved foraging strategies to acquire blends of nutrients that maximize fitness
traits. In social insects, nutrient regulation is complicated by the fact that few individuals, the …

Honey bee colonies require adequate pollen for maintenance and growth. Pollens vary in
nutritional value, and a balanced diet is achieved by mixing pollens with complementary …

There is growing concern about the impact of poor nutrition on honey bee health. With
caged bee experiments and whole-colony field experiments, we examined the effects of …

High-protein diets shorten lifespan in many organisms. Is it because protein digestion is
energetically costly or because the final products (the amino acids) are harmful? To answer …

Pollen, the main protein source for honey bees, is mixed with regurgitated nectar or honey
during collection and then stored as 'bee bread'before its consumption, mainly by young …

The ratio of amino acids to carbohydrates (AA: C) that bumble bees consume has been
reported to affect their survival. However, it is unknown how dietary AA: C ratio affects other …