The hypocotyl is the embryonic stem connecting the primary root to the cotyledons.
Hypocotyl length varies tremendously depending on the conditions. This developmental …

Strigolactones (SLs), initially reported as germination stimulants for Striga lutea were later
described for their role in Phelipanche and Orobanche species. SLs were reported in major …

Sun-loving plants trigger the shade avoidance syndrome (SAS) to compete against their
neighbors for sunlight. Phytochromes are plant red (R) and far-red (FR) light photoreceptors …

In response to jasmonates (JAs), the JA receptor Coronatine Insensitive 1 (COI1) recruits JA‐
zinc‐finger inflorescence meristem (ZIM)‐domain (JAZ) family repressors for destruction to …

Herbivore‐induced plant volatiles (HIPVs) are critical compounds that directly or indirectly
regulate the tritrophic interactions among herbivores, natural enemies and plants. The …

For shade‐intolerant plants, changes in light quality through competition from neighbors
trigger shade avoidance syndrome (SAS): a series of morphological and physiological …

The production of defensive metabolites in plants can be induced by signaling chemicals
released by neighboring plants. Induction is mainly known from volatile aboveground …

Seed germination is a critical step in the life cycle of plants controlled by the phytohormones
abscisic acid (ABA) and gibberellin (GA), and by phytochromes, an important class of …

Phytohormones are essential for all aspects of plant growth, development, and immunity;
however, it is the interplay between phytohormones, as they dynamically change during …

Recurring patterns are an integral part of life on Earth. Through evolution or breeding, plants
have acquired systems that coordinate with the cyclic patterns driven by Earth's movement …