Mucosal surfaces are lined by epithelial cells, which provide a complex and adaptive
module that ensures first-line defense against external toxics, irritants, antigens, and …

Cerebral autosomal dominant arteriopathy with subcortical infarcts and
leukoencephalopathy (CADASIL) is a rare hereditary cerebrovascular disease caused by a …

Exposure to high oxygen concentrations leads to generation of excessive reactive oxygen
species, causing cellular injury and multiple organ dysfunctions and is associated with a …

Inhaled aeroallergens can directly activate airway epithelial cells (AECs). Exposure to
cockroach allergens is a strong risk factor for asthma. Cockroach allergens mediate some of …

Background Proteinase-activated receptor 2 (PAR-2) is a G-protein coupled receptor
associated with many inflammatory diseases, including asthma. We have shown an …

Background/Purpose Mahuang decoction (MHD) is a classic famous traditional Chinese
medicine and has various pharmacological effects, including anti-inflammation and anti …

Epithelial barrier dysfunction, characteristic of allergic airway disease may be, at least in
part, due to the action of allergen-associated protease activities. Cockroach allergy is a …

Background Cold exposure is a common factor to trigger asthma attacks. However, the
underlying mechanism has not been thoroughly elucidated. We aimed to investigate the …

Smoke inhalation injury is the leading cause of death in firefighters and victims. Inhaled hot
air and toxic smoke are the predominant hazards to the respiratory epithelium. We aimed to …

Lungs and airways health and protection depend on the integrity of airway epithelium.
Insulin is a growth hormone that through activation of several signaling pathways play a …