RNA silencing is a homology-dependent gene inactivation mechanism that regulates a wide
range of biological processes including antiviral defense. To deal with host antiviral …

In eukaryotic RNA-based antiviral immunity, viral double-stranded RNA is recognized as a
pathogen-associated molecular pattern and processed into small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) …

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, endogenous RNAs that regulate gene expression in plants
and animals. In plants, these∼ 21-nucleotide RNAs are processed from stem-loop regions …

Plants and invertebrates can protect themselves from viral infection through RNA silencing.
This antiviral immunity involves production of virus-derived small interfering RNAs (viRNAs) …

The infection and replication of viruses in the host induce diverse mechanisms for combating
viral infection. One of the best-studied antiviral defence mechanisms is based on RNA …

RNA silencing was discovered in plants as a mechanism whereby invading nucleic acids,
such as transgenes and viruses, are silenced through the action of small (20–26nt) …

Post-transcriptional modification of RNA is an important determinant of RNA quality control,
translational efficiency, RNA-protein interactions and stress response. This is illustrated by …

Abstract microRNAs (miRNAs) and small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) in plants bear a methyl
group on the ribose of the 3′ terminal nucleotide. We showed previously that the …

Viruses are obligate, intracellular pathogens that must manipulate and exploit host
molecular mechanisms to prosper in the hostile cellular environment. Here we review the …

RNA silencing plays a critical role in plant resistance against viruses, with multiple silencing
factors participating in antiviral defense. Both RNA and DNA viruses are targeted by the …