X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide femtosecond X-ray pulses suitable for pump–
probe time-resolved studies with a femtosecond time resolution. Since the advent of the first …

The making and breaking of atomic bonds are essential processes in chemical reactions.
Although the ultrafast dynamics of bond breaking have been studied intensively using time …

The structure of a protein is closely related to its biological function. In this regard, structural
changes, as well as static structures, have been scrutinized as essential elements in …

Recent years have seen the development of new iron-centered N-heterocyclic carbene
(NHC) complexes for solar energy applications. Compared to typical ligand systems, the …

Structural studies using x-ray scattering methods for investigating molecules in solution are
shifting focus toward describing the role and effects of the surrounding solvent. However …

Energy, structure, and charge are fundamental quantities characterizing a molecule.
Whereas the energy flow and structure change in chemical reactions are experimentally …

Roaming reaction, defined as a reaction yielding products via reorientational motion in the
long-range region (3–8 Å) of the potential, is a relatively recently proposed reaction pathway …

Time-resolved X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (TXPS) is a well-established technique to
probe coherent nuclear wavepacket dynamics using both table-top and free-electron-based …

Mixed tin–lead (Sn–Pb) halide perovskites stand out as promising materials for next-
generation photovoltaics and near-infrared optoelectronics. However, their sensitivity to …

Developing femtosecond resolution methods for directly observing structural dynamics is
critical to understanding complex photochemical reaction mechanisms in solution. We have …