Load frequency control in smart grids: A review of recent developments

M Wadi, A Shobole, W Elmasry, I Kucuk - Renewable and Sustainable …, 2024 - Elsevier
This study provides a comprehensive and fresh review of load frequency control (LFC) in
multi-area interconnected power systems (MAIPSs). The central tasks of LFC are to keep …

Proportional-integral-derivative controller based-artificial rabbits algorithm for load frequency control in multi-area power systems

R El-Sehiemy, A Shaheen, A Ginidi, SF Al-Gahtani - fractal and fractional, 2023 - mdpi.com
A major problem in power systems is achieving a match between the load demand and
generation demand, where security, dependability, and quality are critical factors that need …

[HTML][HTML] Load frequency control progress: A comprehensive review on recent development and challenges of modern power systems

MM Gulzar, D Sibtain, M Alqahtani, F Alismail… - Energy Strategy …, 2025 - Elsevier
This research strives to examine the advancements in load frequency control (LFC) and
identify the future trajectory for interconnected multi-area power systems (IMAPSs). The …

Design optimization of improved fractional-order cascaded frequency controllers for electric vehicles and electrical power grids utilizing renewable energy sources

FFM El-Sousy, MH Alqahtani, AS Aljumah, M Aly… - Fractal and …, 2023 - mdpi.com
Recent developments in electrical power grids have witnessed high utilization levels of
renewable energy sources (RESs) and increased trends that benefit the batteries of electric …

Improved squirrel search algorithm driven cascaded 2DOF-PID-FOI controller for load frequency control of renewable energy based hybrid power system

G Dei, DK Gupta, BK Sahu, AV Jha, B Appasani… - IEEE …, 2022 - ieeexplore.ieee.org
Renewable energy-based hybrid power systems are being increasingly deployed across the
globe to reduce carbon emissions. The system frequency and tie-line power tend to fluctuate …

[PDF][PDF] Automatic Generation Control in Renewables-Integrated Multi-Area Power Systems: A Comparative Control Analysis

T Ashfaq, S Mumtaz, S Ahmad, B Ullah… - …, 2024 - pdfs.semanticscholar.org
Electrical load dynamics result in system instability if not met with adequate power
generation. Therefore, monitoring and control plans are necessary to avoid potential …

Twin-Delayed Deep Deterministic Policy Gradient Algorithm to Control a Boost Converter in a DC Microgrid

RF Muktiadji, MAM Ramli, AH Milyani - Electronics, 2024 - mdpi.com
A stable output voltage of a boost converter is vital for the appropriate functioning of
connected devices and loads in a DC microgrid. Variations in load demands and source …

Modified Frequency Regulator Based on TIλ-TDμFF Controller for Interconnected Microgrids with Incorporating Hybrid Renewable Energy Sources

EM Ahmed, A Selim, H Alnuman, W Alhosaini, M Aly… - Mathematics, 2022 - mdpi.com
Reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases has directed energy sectors toward using
renewable energy sources (RESs) and decreasing the dependency on conventional energy …

Robust load frequency control of hybrid solar power systems using optimization techniques

S Mahboob Ul Hassan, MAM Ramli… - Frontiers in Energy …, 2022 - frontiersin.org
It is necessary to predict solar photovoltaic (PV) output and load profile to guarantee the
security, stability, and reliability of hybrid solar power systems. Severe frequency fluctuations …

TFODn‐FOPI multi‐stage controller design to maintain an islanded microgrid load‐frequency balance considering responsive loads support

H Shayeghi, A Rahnama… - … Transmission & Distribution, 2023 - Wiley Online Library
Modern electrical power system design will increase renewable energy sources (RES)
dominance. Rotating masses, the main source of inertia in power systems, have been …