Background Although mortality due to critical illness has fallen over decades, the number of
patients with long-term functional disabilities has increased, leading to impaired quality of …

Acute kidney disease (AKD)-which includes acute kidney injury (AKI)–and chronic kidney
disease (CKD) are highly prevalent among hospitalized patients, including those in …

Medical nutrition therapy (MNT) represents an essential element in the medical care of
critically ill patients admitted to an intensive care unit (ICU). Increasing awareness exists that …

The right amount and quality of amino acids (AAs) supplied to patients on parenteral
nutrition (PN) reduces muscle mass loss, may preserve or even increase it, with significant …

Background Managing nutrition in critically ill patients is an important intervention to promote
healing. It is unknown whether the implementation of a protocol that guides enteral nutrition …

Medical nutrition therapy in critically ill patients remains challenging, not only because of the
pronounced stress response with a higher risk for complications, but also due to their …

The critically ill patient is highly catabolic, loosing significant amounts of protein and muscle.
This proteolysis may induce a loss of 20% of the muscle mass in 10 days of hospitalization …

The optimal amount of protein intake in critically ill patients remains largely unclear and is
considered a high priority for research. Ongoing clinical trials are likely to provide additional …

Current evidence suggests early enteral nutrition with protein supplementation in critically ill
surgical patients with consideration of early parenteral nutrition in high nutrition risk patients …

Background and aims Hospitalized patients often have acute kidney disease (AKD) or
chronic kidney disease (CKD), with important metabolic and nutritional consequences …