Rationale Cannabidiol (CBD) products lacking regulatory approval are being used to self-
treat a myriad of conditions and for their unsubstantiated health benefits. The scientific …

Pain has been considered as a concept of sensation that we feel as a reaction to the
stimulus of our surrounding, putting us in harm's way and acting as a form of defense …

Natural bicyclic sesquiterpenes, β‐caryophyllene (BCP) and β‐caryophyllene oxide (BCPO),
are present in a large number of plants worldwide. Both BCP and BCPO (BCP (O)) possess …

Microglia and astrocytes play essential roles in the central nervous system contributing to
many functions including homeostasis, immune response, blood–brain barrier maintenance …

Microglial cells are the resident macrophages in the central nervous system. These cells of
mesodermal/mesenchymal origin migrate into all regions of the central nervous system …

The psychoactive constituent in cannabis, Δ9-tetrahydrocannabinol (THC), was isolated in
the mid-1960s, but the cannabinoid receptors, CB1 and CB2, and the major endogenous …

Microglia are key to maintaining the homeostasis of the brain. These immune cells of the
brain can be our biggest ally in fighting infections, but can worsen pathology or hinder …

The discovery of cannabinoid receptors and subsequent identification of their endogenous
ligands (endocannabinoids) in early 1990s have greatly accelerated research on …

The type 2 cannabinoid receptor (CB2R) was initially regarded as a peripheral cannabinoid
receptor. However, recent technological advances in gene detection, alongside the …

The presence and function of CB2 receptors in central nervous system (CNS) neurons are
controversial. We report the expression of CB2 receptor messenger RNA and protein …