The liver is a central regulator of metabolism, and liver failure thus constitutes a major health
burden. Understanding how this complex organ develops during embryogenesis will yield …

The discovery of the transforming growth factor β (TGF-β) family ligands and the realization
that their bioactivities need to be tightly controlled temporally and spatially led to intensive …

Various reports have suggested that secreted frizzled-related protein (SFRP) 5 (SFRP5)
plays a regulatory role in the processes of cellular proliferation and differentiation, by means …

Planar cell polarity (PCP) regulates cell alignment required for collective cell movement
during embryonic development. This requires PCP/PCP effector proteins, some of which …

The differentiation of human pluripotent stem cells into pancreatic cells involves cellular
proliferation and apoptosis during cell fate transitions. However, their implications for …

Adipose tissue stores energy and is the largest endocrine organ in the body, producing
several adipokines. However, among these adipokines, few play a role in the positive …

Apolipoprotein B (ApoB) is the primary protein of chylomicrons, VLDLs, and LDLs and is
essential for their production. Defects in ApoB synthesis and secretion result in several …

The mesothelium lines body cavities and surrounds internal organs, widely contributing to
homeostasis and regeneration. Mesothelium disruptions cause visceral anomalies and …

Nutrition during the early postnatal period exerts a profound impact on both infant
development and later-life health. Breast milk, which contains lactoferrin, a dynamic protein …

Teeth and taste buds are iteratively patterned structures that line the oro-pharynx of
vertebrates. Biologists do not fully understand how teeth and taste buds develop from …