Mismatch negativity (MMN) is a component of the difference waveform derived from passive
auditory oddball stimulation. Since its inception in 1978, this has become one of the most …

One of the many taxonomic challenges found in the Dendropsophus microcephalus species
group is the Dendropsophus walfordi distinction from D. nanus. Recent phylogenetic …

The effective production of acoustic signals is critically important for intraspecific
communication in vocal animals; however, it is also highly time-consuming, energetically …

The ability to discriminate species and recognize individuals is crucial for reproductive
success and/or survival in most animals. However, the temporal order and neural …

In most anuran species, vocalizations often consist of different notes with various temporal
and spectral acoustic attributes which play a crucial role in their survival and reproductive …

Background Animal vocal signals encode very important information for communication
during which the importance of temporal and spectral characteristics of vocalizations is …

Sex differences in both vocalization and auditory processing have been commonly found in
vocal animals, although the underlying neural mechanisms associated with sexual …

Both human and nonhuman animals communicating acoustically face the problem of noise
interference, especially anurans during mating activities. Previous studies concentrated on …

Male-male vocal competition is critical for mating success in anuran species; however, it
remains unknown that how males regulate their competitive strategies dynamically during …

Seasonal changes in the structure and function of the vertebrate brain have been described
in many species, particularly in seasonal breeders. However, it remains unclear whether …