Pain is estimated to affect more than 20% of the global population, imposing incalculable
health and economic burdens. Effective pain management is crucial for individuals suffering …

Opioids and other agonists of the μ-opioid receptor are effective at managing acute pain, but
their chronic use can lead to tolerance that limits their efficacy. We previously reported that …

Migraine represents one of the major causes of disability worldwide and is more prevalent in
women; it is also related to anxiety symptoms. Stress, such as sound stress, is a frequently …

Repetitive ischemia with reperfusion (I/R) injury is a common cause of myalgia. I/R injuries
occur in many conditions that differentially affect males and females including complex …

The recent demonstration of differences in transcript expression in human post-mortem
sensory neurons suggests the possibility of sexually dimorphic pain mechanisms. To date …

Normally resolving pain can transition into chronic nociplastic pain, which predominately
affects women. To facilitate mechanistic studies on nociplastic pain, we developed a murine …

Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), is the most common endocrine disorder affecting both
the reproduction and metabolism of females. Characteristics of this heterogeneous disorder …