In sub-Saharan Africa, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) and malaria are among the
leading causes of morbidity during pregnancy. We reviewed available information collected …

HIV-1 genetic variability within individuals and populations plays a central role in the HIV
pandemic. Multiple zoonotic transmissions of SIV to humans have resulted in distinct HIV …

Objective: To estimate the global and regional distribution of HIV-1 subtypes and
recombinants in 2004. Design: A study was conducted in which molecular epidemiological …

Despite the significant progress that has been made to eliminate vertical HIV infection, more
than 150,000 children were infected with HIV in 2019, emphasizing the continued need for …

During the rapid spread of HIV-1 in humans, the main (M) group of HIV-1 has evolved into
ten distinct subtypes, undergone countless recombination events and diversified …

Background Understanding HIV-1 subtype distribution and epidemiology can assist
preventive measures and clinical decisions. Sequence variation may affect antiviral drug …

AIDS is caused by two lentiviruses: HIV-1 and HIV-2 [1, 2]. AIDS was first recognized in the
1980s and is presently the leading cause of death in developing countries. Globally, it is …

In the absence of interventions, 30–45% of exposed infants acquire human
immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV‐1) through mother‐to‐child transmission. It remains …

Background The large and constantly evolving HIV-1 pandemic has led to an increasingly
complex diversity. Because of some taxonomic difficulties among the most diverse HIV-1 …

Without doubt, one of the greatest medical and public health achievements has been the
significant reduction in mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) of human immunodeficiency …