The discovery of chemosynthetic ecosystems at deep-sea hydrothermal vents in 1977
changed our view of biology. Chemosynthetic bacteria and archaea form the foundation of …

The iron sulfides constitute a diverse group of solids and dissolved complexes many of
which play key roles in marine systems. The group is particularly complex in the lower …

Uncovers the Key Role Microbes Play in the Transformation of Oxidizable and Reducible
MineralsMany areas of geomicrobial processes are receiving serious attention from …

Life evolved and flourished in the absence of molecular oxygen (02). As the 02 content of
the atmosphere rose to the present level of 21% beginning about two billion years ago …

Gas hydrates and deep-sea cold seeps are of interest to industry and academia for several
reasons, including their implications for offshore geohazards and unconventional resources …

The ε-proteobacteria have recently been recognized as globally ubiquitous in modern
marine and terrestrial ecosystems, and have had a significant role in biogeochemical and …

The sequestration of sulfur within sedimentary pyrite is a major sink in the global
biogeochemical sulfur cycle and has consequent impacts on the related cycles of carbon …

The seabed is a diverse environment that ranges from the desert-like deep seafloor to the
rich oases that are present at seeps, vents, and food falls such as whales, wood or kelp. As …

The oceans cover the majority of the Earth's surface; they influence our climate and provide
a valuable source of food to billions of people. Yet despite its fundamental impact on our …

Hydrothermal vents in the sea floor release large volumes of hot, metal-rich fluids into the
deep ocean. Until recently, it was assumed that most of the metal released was incorporated …