Bats are incredibly diverse, both morphologically and taxonomically. Bats are the only
mammalian group to have achieved powered flight, an adaptation that is hypothesized to …

Mammal forelimbs are highly diverse, ranging from the elongated wing of a bat to the stout
limb of the mole. The mammal forelimb has been a long-standing system for the study of …

Wing morphology has a direct influence on the flight manoeuvrability, agility, and speed of
bats. Studies addressing the relationship between bat wing morphology and ecology are …

The tetrapod limb provides several examples of heterochrony—changes in the timing of
developmental events. These include species differences in the sequence of skeletal …

Bats and birds are defined by their convergent evolution of flight, hypothesized to require the
modular decoupling of wing and leg evolution. Although a wealth of evidence supports this …

The morphology of the chiropteran forelimb demonstrates musculoskeletal specializations
for powered flight essentially unique among mammals, including extreme elongation of the …

Bats are the only mammals capable of true flight. Critical adaptations for flight include a pair
of dramatically elongated hands with broad wing membranes. To study the molecular …

The recently increased interest in studies on sequence heterochrony has uncovered
developmental variation between species. However, how changes in developmental …

The variety of limb skeletal proportions enables a remarkable diversity of behaviors that
include powered flight in bats and flipper-propelled swimming in whales using extremes of a …

Background Self-powered flight is one of the most energy-intensive types of locomotion
found in vertebrates. It is also associated with a range of extreme morpho-physiological …