Modern technologies relying on wireless communication systems have brought increasing
levels of electromagnetic field (EMF) exposure. This increased research interest in the …

L-Carnitine (LC) and acetyl-L-carnitine (ALC) are highly concentrated in the epididymis and
play a crucial role in sperm metabolism and maturation. They are related to sperm motility …

BACKGROUND: There has been growing public concern on the effects of electromagnetic
radiation (EMR) emitted by cellular phones on human health. Many studies have recently …

STUDY QUESTION Does a novel antioxidant formulation designed to restore redox balance
within the male reproductive tract, reduce sperm DNA damage and increase pregnancy …

Infertile males with varicocele have the highest percentage of sperm cells with damaged
DNA, compared to other infertile groups. Antioxidant treatment is known to enhance the …

Carnitine is highly concentrated in the epididymis and spermatozoa, where it may serve as
an intramitochondrial vehicle for the acyl group, which in the form of acyl CoA acts as a …

Cadmium (Cd) has been reported to reduce male fertility, impair reproductive capacity, and
play a major role in the pathogenesis of infertility. This study was conducted to investigate …

Exposure to lead (Pb) causes multiorgan dysfunction including reproductive impairments.
Here, we examined the protective effects of coenzyme Q10 (CoQ10) administration on …

Microwave (MW) radiation produced by wireless telecommunications and a number of
electrical devices used in household or in healthcare institutions may adversely affects the …

Copper is a persistent toxic and bio-accumulative heavy metal of global concern.
Continuous exposure of copper compounds of different origin is the most common form of …