Development of asymmetric metal-catalyzed reactions has played a significant role in
allowing synthetic access to biologically important molecules. While the most widely utilized …

Conditioned place preference (CPP) continues to be one of the most popular models to
study the motivational effects of drugs and non‐drug treatments in experimental animals …

The dopaminergic system, and in particular the dopamine D2 receptor, has been implicated
in reward mechanisms. The net effect of neurotransmitter interaction at the mesolimbic brain …

Addictive drugs have in common that they are voluntarily self-administered by laboratory
animals (usually avidly), and that they enhance the functioning of the reward circuitry of the …

Understanding the changes in the brain which occur in the transition from normal to
addictive behavior has major implications in public health. Here we postulate that while …

In this review we will critically assess the hypothesis that the reinforcing effect of virtually all
drugs of abuse is primarily dependent on activation of the mesolimbic dopamine system …

GABAB receptors are broadly expressed in the nervous system and have been implicated in
a wide variety of neurological and psychiatric disorders. The cloning of the first GABAB …

Experimental impairment of dopamine function by 6-hydroxydopamine lesions or by
dopamine receptor antagonists shows that dopamine is involved in nicotine's discriminative …

Abstract γ-aminobutyric acid type B (GABA B) receptors are broadly expressed in the
nervous system and play an important role in neuronal excitability. GABA B receptors are G …

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) studies have demonstrated large-scale
brain abnormalities in cigarette smokers, such as ventricular enlargement and atrophy …