Fatty acids are metabolized and synthesized as energy substrates during biological
responses. Long-and medium-chain fatty acids derived mainly from dietary triglycerides, and …

Type 2 diabetes is caused by chronic insulin resistance and progressive decline in beta-cell
function. Optimal beta-cell function and mass is essential for glucose homeostasis and beta …

G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) are historically the most successful family of drug
targets. In recent times it has become clear that the pharmacology of these receptors is far …

Host sensing in the gut microbiota has been crucial in the regulation of intestinal
homeostasis. Although inflammatory bowel diseases (IBDs), multifactorial chronic …

Excess energy is stored primarily as triglycerides, which are mobilized when demand for
energy arises. Dysfunction of energy balance by excess food intake leads to metabolic …

Free fatty acids (FFAs) play important physiological roles in many tissues as an energy
source and as signaling molecules in various cellular processes. Elevated levels of …

Recently, it has been found that long-chain fatty acids activate the G protein-coupled
receptors (GPRs), GPR120 and GPR40. However, there have been no reports to date on the …

Free fatty acids (FFAs) are energy-generating nutrients that act as signaling molecules in
various cellular processes. Several orphan G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that act as …

The ingestion of fat induces secretion of the gut peptide hormone cholecystokinin (CCK);
however, the mechanism responsible for lipid-induced CCK release remains unknown …

Enteroendocrine cells (EECs) are specialized sensory cells in the intestinal epithelium that
sense and transduce nutrient information. Consumption of dietary fat contributes to …