Phages that infect Clostridium difficile were first isolated for typing purposes in the 1980s,
but their use was short lived. However, the rise of C. difficile epidemics over the last decade …

Plasmids and temperate phages are key contributors to bacterial evolution. They are usually
regarded as very distinct. However, some elements, termed phage–plasmids, are known to …

Many bacteriophages (phages) have been widely studied due to their major role in virulence
evolution of bacterial pathogens. However, less attention has been paid to phages preying …

Bacteriophages, which are the natural predators of bacteria, have re-emerged as an
attractive alternative to combat antibiotic resistant bacteria. Phages are highly specific at the …

By entering a reversible state of reduced metabolic activity, dormant microorganisms are
able to tolerate suboptimal conditions that would otherwise reduce their fitness. Dormancy …

Abstract Background Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) biofilm producers
represent an important etiological agent of many chronic human infections. Antibiotics and …

Bacillus cereus is an opportunistic human pathogen responsible for food poisoning and
other, nongastrointestinal infections. Due to the emergence of multidrug-resistant B. cereus …

Abstract Background The Bacillus genus of Firmicutes bacteria is ubiquitous in nature and
includes one of the best characterized model organisms, B. subtilis, as well as medically …

Staphylococcus phages of the Myoviridae family have a wide host range and potential
applications in phage therapy. In this report, safety assessments of these phages were …

Viruses are known to be highly dependent on the host translation machinery for their protein
synthesis. However, tRNA genes are occasionally identified in such organisms, and in …