Cell-based scaffold-free therapies seek to develop in vitro organotypic three-dimensional
(3D) tissue-like surrogates, capitalising upon the inherent capacity of cells to create tissues …

Ligament and tendon injuries are common problems in orthopedics. There is a need for
treatments that can expedite nonoperative healing or improve the efficacy of surgical repair …

Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs)-derived exosomes are being increasingly focused as the
new biological pro-regenerative therapeutic agents for various types of tissue injury. Here …

Tendon injuries represent a significant clinical burden on healthcare systems worldwide. As
the human population ages and the life expectancy increases, tendon injuries will become …

The last decade has seen significant developments in cell therapies, based on permanently
differentiated, reprogrammed or engineered stem cells, for tendon injuries and degenerative …

Background Exosomes are extracellular vesicles of nano-structures and represent an
emerging nano-scale acellular therapy in recent years. Tendon regeneration is a …

As the most common form of joint disorder, osteoarthritis (OA) imposes a tremendous burden
on health care systems worldwide. Without effective cure, OA represents a unique …

Background Tendon derived stem cells (TDSCs) have proven to be effective in tendon repair
by secreting paracrine factors, which modulate the function of resident cells and …

Abstract The transcription factor Mohawk (Mkx) is expressed in developing tendons and is
an important regulator of tenogenic differentiation. However, the exact roles of Mkx in …

Tendinopathy is the term used to refer to tendon disorders. Spontaneous adult tendon
healing results in scar tissue formation and fibrosis with suboptimal biomechanical …