Streptococcus pneumoniae is an opportunistic pathogen that causes over 1 million deaths
annually despite the availability of several multivalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccines …

Pneumococcal infections continue to pose a significant global health concern, necessitating
the development of effective vaccines. Despite the progress shown by pneumococcal …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) resides in the nasopharynx, where it can disseminate to
cause disease. One key Spn virulence factor is pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) …

Phosphorylcholine (ChoP) can be found in all life forms. Although this molecule was first
thought to be uncommon in bacteria, it is now appreciated that many bacteria express ChoP …

Background The pathogenicity of pneumococcus with high morbidity, mortality, and multi-
drug resistance patterns has been increasing. The limited coverage of the licensed …

Streptococcus pneumoniae (Spn) is a common pathogen causing a secondary bacterial
infection following influenza, which leads to severe morbidity and mortality during seasonal …

Infections caused by Streptococcus pneumoniae (also known as pneumococci) pose a
threat to human health. Pneumococcal infections are the most common cause of milder …

Streptococcus pneumoniae and influenza A virus (IAV) are significant agents of pneumonia
cases and severe respiratory infections globally. Secondary bacterial infections, particularly …

Pneumococcal surface protein A (PspA) is an important virulence factor in Streptococcus
pneumoniae that binds to lactoferrin and protects the bacterium from the bactericidal action …

Streptococcus pneumoniae colonizes the human nasopharynx asymptomatically, but it can
also cause several diseases, including otitis media, pneumonia, bacteremia, and meningitis …