There is growing interest in diffusion models to represent the cognitive and neural processes
of speeded decision making. Sequential-sampling models like the diffusion model have a …

Sequential sampling models assume that people make speeded decisions by gradually
accumulating noisy information until a threshold of evidence is reached. In cognitive …

Sensory signals are highly structured in both space and time. These structural regularities in
visual information allow expectations to form about future stimulation, thereby facilitating …

During decision-making, neurons in the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) sequentially represent the
value of each option in turn, but it is unclear how these dynamics are translated into a choice …

Perceptual decision making is the process by which animals detect, discriminate, and
categorize information from the senses. Over the past two decades, understanding how …

Summary" Degree of certainty" refers to the subjective belief, prior to feedback, that a
decision is correct. A reliable estimate of certainty is essential for prediction, learning from …

Human perceptual decisions are often described as optimal. Critics of this view have argued
that claims of optimality are overly flexible and lack explanatory power. Meanwhile …

Statistical regularities in the environment create prior beliefs that we rely on to optimize our
behavior when sensory information is uncertain. Bayesian theory formalizes how prior …

Decisions vary in difficulty. Humans know this and typically report more confidence in easy
than in difficult decisions. However, confidence reports do not perfectly track decision …

A decision is a commitment to a proposition or plan of action based on information and
values associated with the possible outcomes. The process operates in a flexible timeframe …