Summary Background In the Nigerian context, preconditions for financial catastrophe are
operational as there is high out‐of‐pocket spending (OOPS) on health with low capacity to …

Background Catastrophic health expenditure is health spending that is not covered by a
health-care plan. These costs tend to escalate over time, due to chronic illnesses …

Background About 5% of the global population, predominantly in low-and middle-income
countries, is forced into poverty because of out-of-pocket (OOP) health spending. In most …

The Nigeria health system has performed woefully against all vital health indices, trailing
behind many African countries despite its enormous potentials. The reason for this is mainly …

Armenia's health spending is characterized by low public spending and high out-of-pocket
expenditure (OOP), which not only poses a financial barrier to accessing healthcare for …

Background One of the main treatment procedures is through medicine prescription.
Considering the rising burden of drug costs, we conducted this study to estimate the …

Background Studies on wound care continue to report high cost of care for various types of
wounds. However, little attention is given to specific costs incurred on wound dressing …

Background Catastrophic health expenditures are direct healthcare expenses that exceed
10% or 25% of total household income. The present study aims to measure the proportion of …

Direct out-of-pocket (OOP) payments for healthcare can have devastating effects on
vulnerable populations leading to impoverishments. Ghana's National Health Insurance …

Background: Financial hardship of healthcare is defined as difficulty of obtaining affordable
care, including having to delay or forgo healthcare because of its cost. Financial protection …