There has been great progress in data assimilation within atmospheric and oceanographic
sciences during the last couple of decades. In data assimilation, one aims at merging the …

In the last decade, ensemble-based methods have been widely investigated and applied for
data assimilation of flow problems associated with atmospheric physics and petroleum …

It is in the previous chapters stated that the EnKF analysis scheme may have problems in
cases where the number of measurements is larger than the number of members in the …

The closed-loop reservoir management technique enables a dynamic and real-time optimal
production schedule under the existing reservoir conditions to be achieved by adjusting the …

The dynamical equations for multiphase flow in porous media are highly non-linear and the
number of variables required to characterize the medium is usually large, often two or more …

The use of ensemble Kalman filter techniques for continuous updating of a reservoir model
is demonstrated. The ensemble Kalman filter technique is introduced, and thereafter applied …

Formation properties are one of the key factors in numerical modeling of flow and transport
in geologic formations in spite of the fact that they may not be completely characterized. The …

In closed-loop reservoir management, one periodically updates reservoir models by
integrating production data and then solves an optimal control problem to determine …

Ensemble-based methods have gained popularity as reservoir history-matching techniques.
The advantages typically attributed to these methods include the possibility of adjusting a …

The problem of reservoir characterization through automatic history matching has been
extensively studied in recent years. Efficient applications have, however, required either an …