Addiction is a disease in which, after a period of recreational use, a subset of individuals
develops compulsive use that does not stop even in light of major negative consequences …

Cocaine craving, seeking, and relapse are mediated, in part, by cocaine-induced adaptive
changes in the brain reward circuits. The nucleus accumbens (NAc) integrates and …

Poorly regulated reward seeking is a central feature of substance use disorder. Recent
research shows that rewarding drug-related experiences induce synchronous activation of a …

The direct and indirect pathway striatal medium spiny neurons (dMSNs and iMSNs) have
long been linked to action selection, but the precise roles of these neurons in this process …

Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) remains a persistent public health concern throughout
the world. Substance use disorders (SUDs) are a common comorbidity that can worsen …

Currently, there are no approved pharmacotherapies for addiction to cocaine and other
psychostimulant drugs. Several studies have proposed that cannabidiol (CBD) could be a …

Substance use disorder (SUD) is characterized, in part by behavior biased toward drug use
and away from natural sources of reward (eg, social interaction, food, sex). The …

The mesolimbic dopamine system comprises distinct compartments supporting different
functions in learning and motivation. Less well understood is how complex addiction-related …

Background Opioid addiction is a critical medical and societal problem characterized by
vulnerability to relapse. Glutamatergic synapses in the nucleus accumbens regulate the …

The epidemic of opioid addiction is shaping up as the most serious clinical issues of current
times. Opioids have the greatest propensity to develop addiction after first exposure …