Background and objective Chronic low back pain is pervasive, societally impactful, and
current treatments only provide moderate relief. Exploring whether therapeutic elements …

Sham interventions in randomized clinical trials (RCTs) of physical, psychological, and self-
management (PPS) therapies for pain are highly variable in design and believed to …

Introduction While the placebo effect is increasingly recognised as a contributor to treatment
effects in clinical practice, the nocebo and other undesirable effects are less well explored …

Identifying biomarkers that predict mental states with large effect sizes and high test-retest
reliability is a growing priority for fMRI research. We examined a well-established …

Importance In primary chronic back pain (CBP), the belief that pain indicates tissue damage
is both inaccurate and unhelpful. Reattributing pain to mind or brain processes may support …

Drug treatments for pain often do not outperform placebo, and a better understanding of
placebo mechanisms is needed to improve treatment development and clinical practice. In a …

Chronic pain is experienced unequally by different population groups; we outline examples
from the pain literature of inequities related to gender, ethnicity, socioeconomic and …

Low back pain is one of the main causes of motor disabilities and psychological stress, with
the painful process encompassing sensory and affective components. Noxious stimuli …

An improved understanding of the biopsychosocial influences that contribute to and
maintain pain has promoted the development of new efficacious treatments for chronic low …

Importance Among patients seeking care for musculoskeletal conditions, there is mixed
evidence regarding whether traditional, structure-based care is associated with …