The forest restoration challenge (globally 2 billion ha) and the prospect of changing climate
with increasing frequency of extreme events argues for approaching restoration from a …

Desertification is an escalating concern in global drylands, yet assessments to guide
management and policy responses are limited by ambiguity concerning the definition of …

In this paper, we reflect on the implications for science, policy and practice of the recently
introduced concept of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS), with a focus on the European context …

In 2006, Resilience Thinking addressed an essential question: As the natural systems that
sustain us are subjected to shock after shock, how much can they take and still deliver the …

An understanding of risks to biodiversity is needed for planning action to slow current rates
of decline and secure ecosystem services for future human use. Although the IUCN Red List …

Executive Summary The IUCN Red List of Ecosystems is a global framework for monitoring
the status of ecosystems. It is part of the growing toolbox for assessing risks to biodiversity …

Adaptive Management (AM) is widely considered to be the best available approach for
managing biological systems in the presence of uncertainty. But AM has arguably only rarely …

Adaptive management (AM) is widely promoted to improve management of natural
resources, yet its implementation is challenging. We show that obstacles to the …

Aim Decision‐making for conservation management often involves evaluating risks in the
face of environmental uncertainty. Models support decision‐making by (1) synthesizing …

Rural communities in many parts of the tropics are dependent of forests for their livelihoods
and for environmental services. Forest resources in the tropics have declined rapidly over …