The magnetization of a magnetic material can be reversed by using electric currents that
transport spin angular momentum. In the reciprocal process a changing magnetization …

This paper reviews the state of the art in spin-torque and spin-Hall-effect-driven nano-
oscillators. After a brief introduction to the underlying physics, the authors discuss different …

Spin currents can apply useful torques in spintronic devices. The spin Hall effect has been
proposed as a source of spin current, but its modest strength has limited its usefulness. We …

For reliable operation, individual cells of an STT-MRAM memory array must meet specific
requirements on their performance. In this work we review some of these requirements and …

Magnetism is a very fascinating and dynamic field. Especially in the last 30 years, there have
been many major advances in a range of areas from novel fundamental phenomena to new …

The possible use of spin rather than charge as a state variable in devices for processing and
storing information has been widely discussed,, because it could allow low-power operation …

The spin-orbital interaction in heavy nonmagnetic metal/ferromagnetic metal bilayer systems
has attracted great attention and exhibited promising potentials in magnetic logic devices …

We present artificial neural network design using spin devices that achieves ultralow voltage
operation, low power consumption, high speed, and high integration density. We employ …

The non-local spin injection in lateral spin valves is strongly expected to be an effective
method to generate a pure spin current for potential spintronic application. However, the …

For many decades CMOS devices have been successfully scaled down to achieve higher
speed and increased performance of integrated circuits at lower cost. Today's charge-based …