Recent advances in the targeted modification of complex eukaryotic genomes have
unlocked a new era of genome engineering. From the pioneering work using zinc-finger …

Background Anatomic and physiological similarities to the human make swine an excellent
large animal model for human health and disease. Methods Cloning from a modified …

Mice carrying mutations in multiple genes are traditionally generated by sequential
recombination in embryonic stem cells and/or time-consuming intercrossing of mice with a …

Precise studies of plant, animal and human genomes enable remarkable opportunities of
obtained data application in biotechnology and medicine. However, knowing nucleotide …

Site-specific and rare cutting nucleases are valuable tools for genome engineering. The
generation of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs) promotes homologous recombination in …

Transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs) are powerful new research tools
that enable targeted gene disruption in a wide variety of model organisms. Recent work has …

Zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) are powerful tools for gene therapy and genetic engineering.
The high specificity and affinity of these chimeric enzymes are based on custom-designed …

Targeted mutagenesis is one of the key methods for functional gene analysis. A simplified
variant of gene targeting uses direct microinjection of custom-designed Zinc Finger …

Co-injection of zygotes with Cas9 mRNA and sgRNA has been proven to be an efficient
gene-editing strategy for genome modification of different species. Genetic engineering in …

The generation of genetically modified animals or plants with gene-targeted deletions or
modifications is a powerful tool to analyze gene function, study disease and produce …