Water solubility and structural stability are key merits for proteins defined by the primary
sequence and 3D-conformation. Their manipulation represents important aspects of the …

Proteins have dynamic structures that undergo chain motions on time scales spanning from
picoseconds to seconds. Resolving the resultant conformational heterogeneity is essential …

Applications of small-angle scattering (SAS) in structural biology have benefited from
continuing developments in instrumentation, tools for data analysis, modeling capabilities …

The biological function of proteins is critically dependent on dynamics inherent to the native
structure. Such structural dynamics obey a predefined order and temporal timing to execute …

The Light-oxygen-voltage-sensing domain (LOV) superfamily, found in enzymes and signal
transduction proteins, plays a crucial role in converting light signals into structural signals …

X-ray free-electron lasers (XFELs) provide femtosecond X-ray pulses suitable for pump–
probe time-resolved studies with a femtosecond time resolution. Since the advent of the first …

Bacteriophytochromes (BphPs) are photoreceptors that regulate a wide range of biological
mechanisms via red light–absorbing (Pr)–to–far-red light–absorbing (Pfr) reversible …

Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) is a method for examining the solution structure,
oligomeric state, conformational changes, and flexibility of biomacromolecules at a scale …

Time-resolved small-and wide-angle X-ray scattering studies of proteins in solution based
on the pump-probe approach unveil structural information from intermediates over a broad …

Energy, structure, and charge are fundamental quantities characterizing a molecule.
Whereas the energy flow and structure change in chemical reactions are experimentally …