The current guideline represents the 6th edition of the “Japanese Clinical Practice Guideline
for Diabetes” which has been revised every three years since its first appearance in 2004 to …

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is an increasingly prevalent condition globally and is strongly
associated with incident cardiovascular disease (CVD). Hypertension is both a cause and …

The renin-angiotensin system (RAS) is undisputedly one of the most prominent endocrine
(tissue-to-tissue), paracrine (cell-to-cell) and intracrine (intracellular/nuclear) vasoactive …

The kidney is arguably the most important target of microvascular damage in diabetes. A
substantial proportion of individuals with diabetes will develop kidney disease owing to their …

Since its inception in 2004, the “Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Treatment of Diabetes”
has attempted to promote evidence-based, rational, efficient and standardized clinical …

There is an alarming global increase in the incidence of end-stage kidney disease, for which
early biomarkers and effective treatment options are lacking. Largely based on the histology …

Objective: To quantify benefit and harm of epidural analgesia, compared with systemic
opioid analgesia, in adults having surgery under general anesthesia. Background: It …

This document was written with the intent to be a complete reference at the time of
publication on the topic of managing hypertension in the elderly. Given the length of the …

Background Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of end-stage renal disease.
Interruption of the renin–angiotensin system slows the progression of renal disease in …

Recommendations about therapy for hypertension are here preceded by some
considerations on the strength of available evidence on the benefits associated with …