Inspired by physically adaptive, agile, reconfigurable and multifunctional soft-bodied
animals and human muscles, soft actuators have been developed for a variety of …

Mass transfer is an essential factor determining photocatalytic performance, which can be
modulated by fluid field via manipulating the kinetic characteristics of photocatalysts and …

Cilial pumping is a powerful strategy used by biological organisms to control and manipulate
fluids at the microscale. However, despite numerous recent advances in optically …

Cilia are microscopic hair-like external cell organelles that are ubiquitously present in
nature, also within the human body. They fulfill crucial biological functions: motile cilia …

Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS)—the simplest and most common silicone compound—
exemplifies the central characteristics of its class and has attracted tremendous research …

The accumulation of ice on surfaces will bring safety issues to various human activities.
Researchers have been actively developing superhydrophobic surfaces (SHS) as good anti …

Stimuli‐responsive micro‐pillared structures can perform complex and precise tasks at the
microscale through dynamic and reversible deformation of the pillars in response to external …

Microscale and nanoscale cilia are ubiquitous in natural systems where they serve diverse
biological functions. Bioinspired artificial magnetic cilia have emerged as a highly promising …

Materials that undergo shape morphing in response to external stimuli have numerous
applications, eg, in soft robotics and biomedical devices. Shape memory polymers utilize …

Artificial cilia-based microfluidics is a promising alternative in lab-on-a-chip applications
which provides an efficient way to manipulate fluid flow in a microfluidic environment with …