Robotic rehabilitation devices are more frequently used for the physical therapy of people
with upper limb weakness, which is the most common type of stroke-induced disability …

In this survey, we review the field of human shoulder functional kinematic representations.
The central question of this review is to evaluate whether the current approaches in shoulder …

Background: Recurrent shoulder instability is commonly associated with glenoid bone
defects. Coracoid transfer procedures, such as the Bristow and Latarjet procedures, are …

This letter proposes a new mechanism, a four-bar linkage-based support hinge mechanism,
for assisting with shoulder abduction with artificial muscle based on a shape memory alloy …

BACKGROUND: Following shoulder arthroplasty, any well-planned rehabilitation program
should include muscle strengthening. However, it is not always clear how different external …

The purpose of this study was to examine the association of breast cancer-related
lymphedema on shoulder girdle kinematics and upper extremity function. The study included …

Background Reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (rTSA) typically restores active arm
elevation. Prior studies in patients with rTSA during tasks that load the arm had limitations …

Background The significance of scapular dyskinesis is being challenged due to a lack of the
association with pain and ability to predict injury in athletic populations. However, it is …

Thoracic outlet syndrome is an umbrella term for compressive pathologies in the
supraclavicular and infraclavicular fossae, with the vast majority being neurogenic in nature …

The aim of this study was to examine the muscular activation strategy of archers with
different levels of expertise. Twenty-seven (27) male archers volunteered to participate in the …