The endothelium is a single layer of epithelium covering the surface of the vascular system,
and it represents a physical barrier between the blood and vessel wall that plays an …

Blood viscosity is an important determinant of local flow characteristics, which exhibits shear
thinning behavior: it decreases exponentially with increasing shear rates. Both hematocrit …

Nitric oxide (NO) is a small free radical with critical signaling roles in physiology and
pathophysiology. The generation of sufficient NO levels to regulate the resistance of the …

Human xanthine oxidoreductase (XOR) is a multiple-level regulated enzyme, resulting from
a complicated evolutionary process that assigned it many physiological roles. The main …

It has long been recognized that energy metabolism is linked to the production of reactive
oxygen species (ROS) and critical enzymes allied to metabolic pathways can be affected by …

The primary β-globin gene mutation that causes sickle cell disease (SCD) has significant
pathophysiological consequences that result in hemolytic events and the induction of the …

The prototypical xanthine oxidase (XO) inhibitor allopurinol, has been the cornerstone of the
clinical management of gout and conditions associated with hyperuricemia for several …

Background The prevalence of pulmonary hypertension in adults with sickle cell disease,
the mechanism of its development, and its prospective prognostic significance are unknown …

Although the deleterious vasoconstrictive effects of cell-free, hemoglobin-based blood
substitutes have been appreciated, the systemic effects of chronic hemolysis on nitric oxide …

This review of the mechanism of pulmonary hypertension is focused on pulmonary arterial
hypertension, a disorder that can be idiopathic or can occur in association with other …