The analogy of mitochondria as powerhouses has expired. Mitochondria are living, dynamic,
maternally inherited, energy-transforming, biosynthetic, and signaling organelles that …

Exosomes are a subtype of membrane-contained vesicles 40–200 nm in diameter that are
secreted by cells into their surroundings. By transporting proteins, lipids, mRNA, miRNA …

Exosomes are nanoparticles secreted by all cell types and are a large component of the
broader class of nanoparticles termed extracellular vesicles (EVs). Once secreted …

Mitochondrial quality control is critical for cardiac homeostasis as these organelles are
responsible for generating most of the energy needed to sustain contraction. Dysfunctional …

Recent findings have demonstrated that mitochondria can be transferred between cells to
control metabolic homeostasis. Although the mitochondria of brown adipocytes comprise a …

Mitochondria are believed to have originated through an ancient endosymbiotic process in
which proteobacteria were captured and co-opted for energy production and cellular …

Mitochondria play a pivotal role in energy generation and cellular physiological processes.
These organelles are highly dynamic, constantly changing their morphology, cellular …

High iron is a risk factor for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and affects most of its cardinal
features: decreased insulin secretion, insulin resistance, and increased hepatic …

Mitochondria are central hubs of cellular metabolism and are tightly connected to signaling
pathways. The dynamic plasticity of mitochondria to fuse, divide, and contact other …

Long-chain fatty acids (FAs) are components of plasma membranes and an efficient fuel
source and also serve as metabolic regulators through FA signaling mediated by membrane …