Advances in the carbonic anhydrase (CA, EC 4.2. 1.1) research over the last three decades
are presented, with an emphasis on the deciphering of the activation mechanism, the …

In spite of more than one century and half of studies, mechanisms of coral biomineralization,
leading to coral growth and reef formation, still remain poorly known, although major global …

In this review we discuss the present knowledge on the biological and environmental control
of biomineralization (calcification) in hermatypic corals. We describe first the anatomy of the …

Coral reefs are among the most biologically diverse and economically important ecosystems
on the planet. The deposition of massive calcium carbonate skeletons (biomineralization or …

Carbonic anhydrases (CAs, EC 4.2. 1.1) are widespread enzymes in all life kingdoms with
five distinct genetic families known to date, the α-, β-, γ-, δ-and ζ-CAs. With the exception of …

The stable (δ 18 O and δ 13 C) and clumped (Δ 47) isotope compositions of coral carbonate
are valuable archives for paleoclimate reconstructions. However, the Δ 47-temperature …

Interpretations of the primary paleoceanographic information recorded in stable oxygen
isotope values (δ18O) of biogenic CaCO3 can be obscured by disequilibrium effects …

Scleractinian corals are of particular interest due to their ability to establish an intracellular
mutualistic symbiosis with phototrophic dinoflagellates and to deposit high rates of calcium …

Continued dependence on crude oil and natural gas resources for fossil fuels has caused
global atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions to increase to record-setting …

Global change is a major threat to the oceans, as it implies temperature increase and
acidification. Ocean acidification (OA) involving decreasing pH and changes in seawater …