Methylene blue is used primarily in the treatment of patients with methemoglobinemia. Most
recently, methylene blue has been used as a treatment for refractory distributive shock from …

Traumatic injuries to PNS and CNS axons are not uncommon. Restoration of lost behaviors
following severance of mammalian peripheral nerve axons (PNAs) relies on regeneration by …

Background Nervous system injuries in mammals often involve transection or segmental
loss of peripheral nerves. Such injuries result in functional (behavioral) deficits poorly …

Behavioral function lost in mammals (including humans) after peripheral nerve severance is
slowly (weeks to years) and often poorly restored by 1–2‐mm/day, nonspecifically directed …

Restoration of neuronal functions by outgrowths regenerating at∼ 1 mm/day from the
proximal stumps of severed peripheral nerves takes many weeks or months, if it occurs at all …

White matter degeneration is an important pathophysiological event of the central nervous
system that is collectively characterized by demyelination, oligodendrocyte loss, axonal …

Gold nanoparticles (GNs) have unique characteristics, for example, stability,
biocompatibility, small dimensions, and low toxicity. Several clinical applications have been …

The significance of activated microglia around motoneurons axotomized after nerve injuries
has been intensely debated. In particular, whether microglia become phagocytic is …

Femtosecond laser optoporation is a powerful technique to introduce membrane-
impermeable molecules, such as DNA plasmids, into targeted cells in culture, yet only a …

BACKGROUND Peripheral nerve injury can have a devastating impact on our military and
veteran population. Current strategies for peripheral nerve repair include techniques such …