The development of biofuels has been considered as an important countermeasure to abate
anthropogenic CO 2 emissions, suppress deteriorated atmospheric greenhouse effect, and …

One way to reduce the use of wood resources and simultaneously to manage wastes in the
form of forest and agricultural biomass, as well as biomass originating from the food …

Growing concerns over the environmental impact of greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions,
uncertainty of future fossil fuel prices, geopolitical instability, and consumer preferences are …

Biomass pretreatment is an essential step prior to several thermochemical conversion
processes. Wet torrefaction, a biomass pretreatment method in hydrothermal media or hot …

Lignocellulosic biomass has the potential to produce sustainable clean-green energy and
other bio-based materials. However, due to the inferior physicochemical properties …

Biomass is a versatile energy resource that could be used as a sustainable energy resource
in solid, liquid and gaseous form of energy sources. Torrefaction is an emerging thermal …

Torrefaction is a promising bioenergy pre-treatment technology, with potential to make a
major contribution to the commodification of biomass. However, there is limited scientific …

The depletion of fossil fuels and the need to reduce greenhouse gas emissions has resulted
in a strong growth of biomass utilization for heat and power production. Attempts to …

Biomass raw materials are widely regarded as a significant source of renewable energy,
which significantly reduces the dependence on traditional fossil fuels, especially in the case …

A hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) process was applied to six biomass feedstocks—three
woody and three herbaceous. Each feedstock was treated in liquid water for 30 min at …