Photodetectors integrating substrates and semiconductor materials are increasingly
attractive for applications in optical communication, optical sensing, optical computing, and …

The coupling of ferroelectric, photoelectric, semiconducting, and phase transition properties
make two-dimensional (2D) In 2 Se 3 a material platform with great application potential in …

Chalcogenide-based nonvolatile phase change materials (PCMs) have a long history of
usage, from bulk disk memory to all-optic neuromorphic computing circuits. Being able to …

Liquid crystals are widely used in photonics because of their profound electro–optic
properties. However, the slow switching speeds (milliseconds) and the fluid nature of liquid …

On-chip photonic devices such as modulators and photodetectors are essential building
blocks for integrated photonics, enabling a wide range of applications in optical …

Electrochromic materials change color or opacity when subjected to electrical stimuli, often
through reversible chemical reactions or phase transitions. Their optical switch capabilities …