Understanding how turbulence leads to the enhanced irreversible transport of heat and
other scalars such as salt and pollutants in density-stratified fluids is a fundamental and …

Mixing efficiency is the ratio of the net change in potential energy to the energy expended in
producing the mixing. Parameterizations of efficiency and of related mixing coefficients are …

In order that it be correctly characterized, irreversible turbulent mixing in stratified fluids must
distinguish between adiabatic 'stirring'and diabatic 'mixing'. Such a distinction has been …

Turbulent mixing produced by breaking of internal waves plays an important role in setting
the patterns of downwelling and upwelling of deep dense waters and thereby helps sustain …

Turbulence in geophysical flows tends to organize itself so that the mean flow remains close
to a stability boundary in parameter space. That characteristic suggests self-organized …

We study direct numerical simulations of turbulence arising from the interaction of an initial
background shear, a linear background stratification and an external body force. In each …

We consider numerically the transition to turbulence and associated mixing in stratified
shear flows with initial velocity distribution. Despite their vastly different mechanics (ie …

Turbulent shear layers in a uniformly stratified background: DNS at high Reynolds number
Page 1 J. Fluid Mech. (2021), vol. 916, A42, doi:10.1017/jfm.2021.212 Turbulent shear layers …

In a stably stratified shear layer, multiple competing instabilities produce sensitivity to small
changes in initial conditions, popularly called the butterfly effect (as a flapping wing may …

Current global ocean models rely on ad hoc parameterizations of diapycnal mixing, in which
the efficiency of mixing is globally assumed to be fixed at 20%, despite increasing evidence …