From the environmental perspective, it is essential to develop cheap, eco-friendly, and
highly efficient materials for water and wastewater treatment. In this regard, hydrogels and …

Inspired by shape‐morphing organisms in nature, researchers have developed various
hydrogels with stimuli‐responsive swelling, shrinking, bending, folding, origami, rolling …

Biological systems can perform complex tasks with high compliance levels. This makes them
a great source of inspiration for soft robotics. Indeed, the union of these fields has brought …

With the rapidly growing attention to human-robot interfaces, soft robotics has attracted a
great deal of interest. Soft robots have diverse advantages, including compliancy and safety …

Hydrogels—natural or synthetic polymer networks that swell in water—can be made
mechanically, chemically and electrically compatible with living tissues. There has been …

Conspectus Fluorescent polymer hydrogels (FPHs) are of significant interest for diverse
emerging applications such as visualized sensing, smart display, camouflaging skins, soft …

Systems with programmable and complex shape morphing are highly desired in many fields
wherein sensing, actuation, and manipulation must be performed. Living organisms use …

The gradient structure inherent in the biological system plays a key role in facilitating
efficient and precise actuation. To date, bioinspired gradient structured soft actuators have a …

A variety of soft, hydrogel-like materials with sophisticated micro-and nanoengineered
ordered structures that offer excellent functionalities exist in nature. Conventional synthetic …

Polymeric hydrogel actuators refer to intelligent stimuli‐responsive hydrogels that could
reversibly deform upon the trigger of various external stimuli. They have thus aroused …