Notions of surprise and novelty have been used in various experimental and theoretical
studies across multiple brain areas and species. However,'surprise'and 'novelty'refer to …

Surprising events trigger measurable brain activity and influence human behavior by
affecting learning, memory, and decision-making. Currently there is, however, no consensus …

Animals both explore and avoid novel objects in the environment, but the neural
mechanisms that underlie these behaviors and their dynamics remain uncharacterized …

Humans are unique in their sophisticated culture and societal structures, their complex
languages, and their extensive tool use. According to the human self-domestication …

A key question in decision-making is how humans arbitrate between competing learning
and memory systems to maximize reward. We address this question by probing the balance …

To understand human learning and progress, it is crucial to understand curiosity. But how
consistent is curiosity's conception and assessment across scientific research disciplines …

Our daily lives unfold continuously, yet our memories are organised into distinct events,
situated in a specific context of space and time, and chunked when this context changes (at …

Given the ubiquity of exploration in everyday life, researchers from many disciplines have
developed methods to measure exploratory behaviour. There are therefore many ways to …

Learning how to reach a reward over long series of actions is a remarkable capability of
humans, and potentially guided by multiple parallel learning modules. Current brain imaging …

Active inference is a probabilistic framework for modeling the behavior of biological and
artificial agents, which derives from the principle of minimizing free energy. In recent years …