Viruses infect virtually all forms of cellular life, and fungi are no exception. Knowledge
regarding the diverse fungal viruses, or mycoviruses, including their genome structures, host …

Abstract Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is a pleiotropic cytokine that participates in immunomodulation,
inflammation, increases vascular permeability, hematopoiesis, and stimulates cell …

Abstract Interleukin 27 (IL-27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that functions to constrain T cell-
mediated inflammation and plays an important role in immune homeostasis. Binding of IL-27 …

Selective differentiation of CD4+ T helper (Th) cells into specialized subsets such as Th1
and Th2 cells is a key element of the adaptive immune system driving appropriate immune …

Background Atherosclerosis (AS) is the main cause of cerebrovascular diseases, and
macrophages act important roles during the AS pathological process through regulating …

Abstract Interleukin 27 (IL‐27) is a heterodimeric cytokine that elicits potent
immunosuppressive responses. Comprised of EBI3 and p28 subunits, IL‐27 binds GP130 …

Cytokines are soluble factors vital for mammalian physiology. Cytokines elicit highly
pleiotropic activities, characterized by their ability to induce a wide spectrum of functional …

Cellular communication mediated by cytokines is an important mechanism dictating immune
responses, their cross talk and final immune output. Cytokines play a major role in dictating …

Candidiasis, caused by opportunistic fungal pathogens of the Candida genus, poses a
significant threat to immunocompromised individuals. Natural compounds derived from …

Unravelling the molecular mechanisms that account for functional pleiotropy is a major
challenge for researchers in cytokine biology. Cytokine–receptor cross‐reactivity and shared …